Skip to main content

Table 3 comparison of diagnosis and psychopathology variables for prisoners with a drug abuse/dependence (N = 278) or an alcohol abuse/dependence (N = 174)

From: Prevalence and factors associated with alcohol and drug-related disorders in prison: a French national study

  

Total

Drug abuse and dependence (last 12 months)-

Alcohol abuse and dependence (last 12 months)

  

N = 998

Yes (278)

No (720)

 

Yes (174)

No(824)

 
  

%(N)

%

%

Odd ratio [IC95%]1

%

%

Odd ratio [IC95%]1

DSMIV diagnosis

        
 

Mood disorder (LT)

55.6(555)

67.6

51.0

 

71.2

52.1

 
 

Mood disorder(Ct)

45.6(455)

54.3

42.2

 

61.4

42.0

2.0(1.4–3.0)†

 

Anxiety disorder(LT)

10.5(105)

13.3

9.4

 

14.6

9.5

 
 

Anxiety disorder(C)

54.5(544)

61.5

51.8

 

58.7

53.5

 
 

Psychotic disorder (LT)

24.7(247)

25.2

24.6

 

24.4

24.8

 
 

Psychotic disorder (C)

22.7(227)

22.3

22.9

 

22.8

22.7

 
 

Antisocial personality

31.5(315)

54.3

22.8

 

55.4

26.1

2.3(1.5–3.4)‡

 

Alcohol abuse and dependence (12 m)

18.4(184)

39.9

10.1

3.9(2.5–5.9)‡

-

-

-

 

Drug abuse and dependence (12 m)

27.8(278)

-

-

-

60.3

20.5

3.5(2.3–5.3)‡

Psychiatric history

        
 

Suicidal risk

40.5(404)

46.7

38.0

 

50.0

38.3

 
 

History of suicide attempt

28.7(287)

34.2

26.7

 

39.7

26.3

 
 

Psychiatric hospitalisation

16.2(162)

22.3

13.9

 

27.2

13.7

 
 

Psychiatric ambulatory care

36.7(366)

49.3

31.1

 

53.3

32.9

 

Temperament and character Inventory

       
 

Novelty seeking low

39.7(396)

24.4

45.6

1

21.7

43.7

 
 

moderate

22.4(224)

20.1

23.3

1.3(1.0–1.6)*

22.8

22.4

 
 

high

37.9(378)

55.5

31.1

1.6(1.3–2.0)*

55.5

33.9

 
 

Harm avoidance low

44.5(444)

47.1

43.5

 

41.3

45.2

 
 

moderate

25.1(251)

19.1

27.5

 

22.3

25.8

 
 

high

30.4(303)

33.8

29.0

 

36.4

29.0

 
 

Reward dependence low

25.4(254)

27.3

24.7

 

26.6

25.2

1

 

moderate

31.7(316)

25.2

34.2

 

34.3

31.1

0.7(0.6–0.9)*

 

high

42.9(428)

47.5

41.1

 

39.1

43.7

0.6(0.2–0.8)*

 

Low persistence

20.0(200)

27.0

17.3

 

29.3

17.9

 
 

Low cooperativeness

18.0(180)

25.5

15.1

 

25.5

16.3

 
 

Low self-directedness

29.8(298)

47.8

22.9

2.1(1.4–3.1)†

44.6

26.5

 
 

Low self-transcendence

37.6(375)

51.1

32.4

 

47.3

35.4

 
  1. LT : lifetime C: current
  2. 1 The odd ratio presented were obtained after a logistic regression using a stepwise selection process (α = 0.05), adjusted on DSM IV psychiatric disorders, psychiatric history, temperaments, socio-demographic status, childhood history and imprisonment characteristics.
  3. *p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 †p < 0.001 ‡p < 0.0001