Troubled social background of male anabolic-androgenic steroid abusers in treatment

Table 2 Comparison of social background between AAS users in two groups and non-users.

		AC group, n = 34		Gym, AAS-users, n = 18		Gym, non-users, n = 259		p-value ¹
		%	n	%	n	%	n
Born in Sweden	Yes	97.1	33	88.9	16	92.7	240	0.475
	No	2.9	1	11.1	2	7.3	19
Parents born in Sweden	Both	88.3	30	61.1	11	79.5	206	0.187
	One	8.8	3	22.2	4	11.2	29
	None	2.9	1	16.7	3	9.3	24
Brought up with....	Both biological parents	62.5	20	66.7	12	78.9	203	<0.05
	Mother only	28.1	9	27.8	5	18.7	48
	Father only	0.0	0	0.0	0	1.2	3
	Other	9.4	3	5.6	1	1.2	3
Quality of upbringing	Good	43.8	14	72.2	13	87.2	224	<0.001
	Indifferent	15.6	5	5.6	1	10.1	26
	Bad	40.6	13	22.2	4	2.7	7
Single child	Yes	27.3	9	35.3	6	13.9	36	<0.05
	No	72.7	24	64.7	11	86.1	223
Divorced parents	Yes	59.4	19	44.4	8	38.3	98	0.071
	No	40.6	13	55.6	10	61.7	158
Age at the time of divorce (years)	0–6	5.9	1	50.0	4	37.0	34	<0.05
	7–12	41.2	7	12.5	1	20.6	19
	>12	52.9	9	37.5	3	42.4	39
Relation with mother	Good	68.7	22	88.9	16	93.7	239	<0.001
	Indifferent	21.9	7	5.6	1	5.5	14
	Bad	9.4	3	5.6	1	0.8	2
Relation with father	Good	46.9	15	61.1	11	76.1	194	0.001
	Indifferent	28.1	9	5.6	1	8.6	22
	Bad	25.0	8	33.3	6	15.3	39
Other significant person	Yes	54.5	18	58.8	10	65.4	168	0.401
	No	45.5	15	41.2	7	34.6	89
Physically abused	Yes	30.3	10	22.2	4	5.8	15	0.001
	No	69.7	23	77.8	14	94.2	242
Mentally abused	Yes	48.5	16	27.8	5	10.2	26	<0.001
	No	51.5	17	72.2	13	89.8	230
Age at the time of moving away from home (years)	Not yet moved	7.1	2	0.0	0	14.4	36	0.090
	11–15	10.7	3	0.0	0	2.4	6
	16–20	60.7	17	82.4	14	52.0	130
	21–25	21.5	6	17.6	3	30.8	77
	>25	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.4	1
Drug abuse in the family	Yes	43.7	14	35.3	6	19.9	51	<0.01
	No	56.3	18	64.7	11	80.1	205
Criminality in the family	Yes	18.8	6	27.8	5	12.1	31	0.097
	No	81.2	26	72.2	13	87.9	225

ISSN: 1747-597X