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Table 3 Doping factors and differences between sports

From: Is there a danger for myopia in anti-doping education? Comparative analysis of substance use and misuse in Olympic racket sports calls for a broader approach

 

MALES

FEMALES

 

T

TT

B

K-W (p)

T

TT

B

K-W (p)

 

f(%)

f(%)

f(%)

 

f(%)

f(%)

f(%)

 

Doping in sport

   

3.3 (0.19)

   

4.2 (0.12)

I don't think that it is used

5(23.8)

11(22.0)

5(9.8)

 

1(16.7)

8(28.6)

2(6.5)

 

Don't know - not familiar

10(47.6)

20(40.0)

22(43.1)

 

3(50.0)

8(28.6)

10(32.3)

 

It is used but rarely

2(9.5)

15(30.0)

19(37.3)

 

2(33.3)

11(39.3)

17(54.8)

 

Doping is often

3(14.3)

4(8.0)

5(9.8)

 

0(0.0)

1(3.6)

2(6.5)

 

Potential doping habits

   

1.5 (0.47)

   

3.2 (0.20)

I do not intend to use doping

11(52.4)

33(66.0)

29(56.9)

 

6(100.0)

21(75.0)

20(64.5)

 

Not sure about it

3(14.3)

7(14.0)

13(25.5)

 

0(0.0)

5(17.9)

8(25.8)

 

I will use it if it will help me with no health hazard

5(23.8)

7(14.0)

6(11.8)

 

0(0.0)

1(3.6)

3(9.7)

 

If assured it will help me no matter to health hazard

2(9.5)

3(6.0)

3(5.9)

 

0(0.0)

1(3.6)

0(0.0)

 

Trust in coach regarding doping*

        

No, I don't trust him/her

13(61.9)

44(88.0)

34(66.7)

 

5(83.3)

21(75.0)

19(61.3)

 

Yes

8(38.1)

6(12.0)

17(33.3)

 

1(16.7)

7(25.0)

12(38.7)

 

Trust in physician regarding doping*

        

No, I don't trust him/her

17(81.0)

40(80.0)

31(60.8)

 

3(50.0)

21(75.0)

18(58.1)

 

Yes

4(19.0)

10(20.0)

20(39.2)

 

3(50.0)

7(25.0)

13(41.9)

 
  1. T - tennis; TT - table tennis; B - badminton; frequencies - f, percentage - %; KW - Kruskall-Wallis test; p - statistical significance for df = 2; * denotes nominal variables where differences between sports were not calculated