Table 4 Study ranking by design quality and key characteristics (Y = yes, N = no, FU = follow-up, min = minutes, f = females, m = males)

1

SMAAP

Ia

24,5

3

Y

Y

Y

>200

10.1

School

8 x 90 min

knowledge, coping, social behavior

.54 / .24 / .12

2

Friends in Need

Ib

23

5a

Y

Y

N

>200

3-4^th grade

School

8 x 90 min

social behavior

qualitative data

3

SBSG

Ib

23

5b

Y

Y

N

100-200

15.5

School

14 x 60 min

knowledge, coping (f)

.37 / .54 (f)

4

SBSG

III

9

11

N

N

N

<50

?

School

15 x 45 min

knowledge, coping, school performance, social behavior

qualitative data

5

CHOICES

Ib

22,5

6

Y

Y

Y

<50

8.8

School

11 x 60 min

self-esteem, school performance

.43 / .52

6

CHOICES

III

10,5

10

N

N

N

50-100

3-4^th grade

School

11 x 60 min

social behavior

qualitative data

7

Teen-Club

III

14,5

9

N

N

N

<50

18-22

Youth Center

90 min over 2 years

self-esteem, social behavior

qualitative data

8

Teen-Club

IV

8

12

N

N

N

<50

?

Youth Center

90 min over 2 years

self-esteem, social behavior

qualitative data

9

FOF

Ib

27

2

Y

Y

Y

100-200

10.4

Methadone clinic

32 x 90 min

family functioning

.22

10

FOF

Ib

27,5

1

Y

Y

Y

100-200

22

FU interview

32 x 90 min

lower SUD risk (m), delayed age of onset (m) at FU

OR = 0.80, r = .39

11

SFP

Ib

23,5

4

Y

Y

N

>200

11

Parents in outpatient treatment

14 x 120–180 min

social behavior

.11

12

FCP

IIa

20,5

7

N

Y

N

<50

10.6

Parents in outpatient treatment

14 x 120–180 min

knowledge, social behavior, family functioning

.70 / .44 / .44

13

Safe Haven Program

IIb

19

8

N

Y

N

100-200

7.6

Parents in outpatient treatment

12 x (?) min

externalizing / internalizing symptoms, family functioning

.34 / .29 / .29