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Table 1 Implementation-promoting factors, survey questions, answer alternatives, mean values, and standard deviations

From: Factors associated with implementation of a multicomponent responsible beverage service program – results from two surveys in 290 Swedish municipalities

Implementation-promoting factors, variables, and survey questions

Answer alternatives, maximum number of points, mean values, and standard deviations

1. Needs[29]

 

Local needs:

 

Did any of the problems below exist in your municipality before Responsible Beverage Service or a similar program was implemented?

Yes=1

No=0

 • Service to minors

Maximum number of points: 4

 • Service to noticeably intoxicated patrons

Mean: 1.6

 • Violence and injuries related to beverage service in on-licensed premises

Standard deviation: 1.2

Has any particular event occurred in your municipality, county, or the country as a whole which has caused you to want to develop your work to diminish beverage service to minors or noticeably intoxicated patrons, or to diminish violence and injuries related to beverage service in on-licensed premises?

2. Characteristics of the intervention[32, 33]

 

Experienced program qualities:

Yes=2

In your opinion, is Responsible Beverage Service or any similar program

To some extent=1

 • An effective program to diminish violence and injuries related to beverage service in on-licensed premises?

 • An effective program to diminish beverage service

 • To minors?

No=0

 • An effective program to diminish beverage service to noticeably intoxicated patrons?

(The same alternatives were given for each question under the factor characteristics of the intervention.)

 • A cost-effective program?

 • A program that is easy to use?

 • A program where the effects are easy to observe?

 • A program which is easy to adapt to local circumstances?

Maximum number of points: 14

Mean: 11.1

Standard deviation: 2.5

3. The implementation process[30, 32]

 

Support:

 

Did those who worked with Responsible Beverage Service or a similar program receive any of the following kinds of support? (Multiple choices are possible.)

Oral information=1

Written information=1

Web-based information=1

Education on the program=1

Coaching=1

Optional advice=1

Feedback=1

Other=1

No support was offered=0

Maximum number of points: 8

Mean: 3.7

Standard deviation: 1.9

Early involvement of practitioners:

 

Did any of the persons who later worked with the program in practice participate early in the process which led to implementing it? (Multiple choices are possible.)

Alcohol administrators at the municipality=1

Supervision personnel=1

The police=1

Owners of on-licensed premises=1

Other=1

No=0

Maximum number of points: 5

Mean: 2.0

Standard deviation: 1.2

Evaluation and feedback

 

Questions to those municipalities where studies have been conducted to follow up work with the program:

One or more intoxication studies=1

One or more studies of minors=1

1. What kinds of studies have been done in your municipality? (Multiple choices are possible.)

One or more studies of statistics of violence=1

One or more rounds of interviews with owners of on-licensed premises=1

2. How were the results of the follow-up presented? (Multiple choices are possible.)

In one or more memoranda=1

In one or more reports=1

In one or more press releases=1

At one or more spoken presentations for politicians=1

At one or more spoken presentations for civil servants/practitioners=1

Other=1

The results have not been presented=0

Maximum number of points: 10

Mean: 1.9

Standard deviation: 2.6

4. Decisions[29]

 

Political decision about the program:

 

A question to those municipalities where a decision has been made to use the Responsible Beverage Service or a program with the same or a similar content:

The question referred to a political decision, and the alternatives were

Municipal executive board=1

At what level was the decision made?

Local council=1

Local council committee=1

Civil servant=0

Maximum number of points: 1

Mean: 0.6

Standard deviation: 0.5

Mentioned in guidelines:

 

Is the work in accordance with Responsible Beverage Service or a similar program mentioned in the following documents in your municipality? (Multiple choices are possible.)

Supervision plan=1

Alcohol and drug policy program=1

Instructions for licensing=1

Public health plan=1

Other documents of policy or plans for action=1

No=0

Maximum number of points: 5

Mean: 1.1

Standard deviation: 1.1

5. Opinion leaders[31]

 

Opinion leaders:

 

Has there been a single person or a group of persons in your municipality that has been the driving force behind implementing Responsible Beverage Service or a similar program? (Multiple choices are possible.)

Yes, one or more administration managers=1

Yes, one or more police=1

Yes, one or more politicians=1

Yes, owners and staff of on-licensed premises=1

Yes, alcohol administrators at the municipality=1

Yes, alcohol and drug prevention coordinators=1

Yes, public health coordinators or the like=1

Yes, other persons=1

No=0

Maximum number of points: 8

Mean: 1.6

 

Standard deviation: 1.1