Effectiveness of school-based preventive interventions on adolescent alcohol use: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Table 1 Study characteristics for studies reporting categorical measures on alcohol use

*Study*	N	*Gender boys*	*Age*	*School level*	*Program*	*Program intensity*	*Outcome*	*Time points in months*	OR _T1	OR _T2	OR _T3	OR _T4
Bodin et al. 2011 [60]	1752	49%	14.50	HS	ÖPP	Medium	a	12, 30	0.83	0.90
Bond et al. 2004 [56]	2678	47%	14.00	HS	GP	High	c	12, 24, 36	0.82*	0.88	0.84*
Caria et al. 2011 [68]	5541	51%	13.00	JHS	EU-Dap	High	a	18	0.93
Clayton et al. 1991 [70]	1927	51%	11.50	JHS	Project DARE	High	c	6, 12, 24	1.06	1.12	1.00
Ellickson et al. 1990 [46]	3852	49%	13.00	JHS	Project ALERT	High	a, b	3, 12, 15	0.99	1.03	0.99
Furr-Holden et al. 2004 [49]	566	54%	13.00	JHS	GBG	High	c	24	1.04
Griffin et al. 2009 [52]	178	54%	13.50	JHS	The Brave	High	b	12	0.13***
Koning et al. 2009 [44]	2570	51%	12.70	JHS	HSD	Medium	a	8, 12	0.96	0.80*
McBride et al. 2004 [71]	2343	-	13.00	JHS	SHAHRP	High	a, b	8, 12, 18	0.80	0.80*	0.87
McCambridge et al. 2011 [50]	416	55%	17.50	HS	MI	Low	C	3, 12	1.22	1.04
Ringwalt et al. 1991[54]	1270	48%	10.40	JHS	Project DARE	High	C	3	1.22
Ringwalt et al. 2009 [59]	6028	49%	10.50	JHS	Project ALERT	High	b, c	24	1.08
Schinke et al. 2000 [67]	1396	51%	10.28	ES	LST	High	A	6, 18, 30, 42	0.66***	0.78	0.80	0.68**
Spoth et al. 2002 [55]	919	52%	10.50	JHS	LST	High	C	12	0.94
St. Pierre et al. 2005 [72]	1649	50%	10.50	JHS	Project ALERT	Medium	B	24	1.09
Sun et al. 2008 [69]	2064	53%	15.70	HS	TND-4	Medium	B	12	1.00

Note. a = Report changes in weekly alcohol use, b = Report changes in monthly alcohol use, c = Report changes in lifetime alcohol use. OR = Odds Ratio. JHS = Junior High School; HS = High School; ES = Elementary School. EU-Dap = European Drug Abuse Prevention; GBG = Good Behavior Game; GP = Gatehouse Project; HSD = Healthy School and Drugs; LST = Life Skills Training; MI = Motivational Interview; ALERT = Adolescent Learning Experiences in Resistance Training; DARE = Drug Abuse Resistance Education; ÖPP = Örebro Prevention Programme; The BRAVE = Building Resiliency and Vocational Excellence; TND-4 = Project Towards No Drugs Abuse. *p < .05. **p < .01 ***p < .001.

ISSN: 1747-597X