Skip to main content

Table 1 Associations between participant characteristics and the measures of nicotine dependence

From: Do cravings predict smoking cessation in smokers calling a national quit line: secondary analyses from a randomised trial for the utility of ‘urges to smoke’ measures

VARIABLE

FUTS

SUTS

HSI

Mean (s.d)

d.f

P-value

Mean (s.d)

d.f

P-value

Mean (s.d)

d.f

P-value

Age

         

Quintile 1

3.5 (1.1)

4; 2414

0.3035

3.6 (1.1)

4

0.9768

2.9 (1.5)

4

<0.01

Quintile 2

3.4 (1.1)

  

3.5 (1.1)

  

2.7 (1.6 )

  

Quintile 3

3.5 (1.2)

  

3.6 (1.2)

  

3.3 (1.5)

  

Quintile 4

3.6 (1.2)

  

3.6 (1.1)

  

3.6 (1.6)

  

Quintile 5

3.5 (1.2)

  

3.6 (1.1)

  

3.5 (1.5)

  

Gender

         

Male

3.5 (1.2)

2439

0.6899

3.5 (1.1)

2439

0.2456

3.2 (1.6)

2466

0.2637

Female

3.5 (1.1)

  

3.6 (1.1)

  

3.2 (1.6)

  

Ethnicity

         

White

3.5 (1.2)

3; 2480

0.7406

3.6 (1.1)

3

0.7051

3.2 (1.6)

3

<0.01

Black/mixed

3.5 (1.2)

  

3.7 (1.2)

  

2.8 (1.6)

  

Asian/mixed

3.5 (1.3)

  

3.5 (1.0)

  

2.7 (1.6)

  

Other

3.4 (1.3)

  

3.7 (1.3)

  

3.2 (1.6)

  

IMD score

         

Quintile 1

3.4 (1.2)

4; 2479

0.0618

3.6 (1.2)

4

0.1203

2.9 (1.6)

4

<0.01

Quintile 2

3.5 (1.2)

  

3.5 (1.1)

  

3.0 (1.6 )

  

Quintile 3

3.5 (1.1)

  

3.6 (1.1)

  

3.2 (1.6)

  

Quintile 4

3.5 (1.2)

  

3.5 (1.1)

  

3.4 (1.5)

  

Quintile 5

3.6 (1.2)

  

3.7 (1.2)

  

3.5 (1.5)

  

Smoker in same household

         

No

3.5 (1.2)

  

3.5 (1.1)

  

3.2 (1.6)

  

Yes

3.6 (1.2)

2478

<0.05

3.6 (1.1)

2478

0.2063

3.3 (1.6)

2505

<0.05

Free prescription entitlement

         

No

3.4 (1.1)

  

3.4 (1.1)

  

2.9 (1.6)

  

Yes

3.6 (1.2)

2456

<0.01

3.6 (1.2)

2456

<0.01

3.4 (1.5)

2483

<0.01

Quit attempt in last 12 months

         

No

3.5 (1.2)

  

3.5 (1.1)

  

3.2 (1.6)

  

Yes

3.6 (1.1)

2476

0.0621

3.7 (1.1)

2475

<0.01

3.2 (1.6)

2501

0.2932

Cessation support last quit attempt

         

No

3.5 (1.2)

  

3.5 (1.1)

  

3.1 (1.6)

  

Yes

3.7 (1.1)

2482

<0.01

3.7 (1.1)

2482

<0.01

3.4 (1.5)

2509

<0.01

Current cessation support

         

No

3.5 (1.2)

  

2.5 (1.1)

  

3.2 (1.6)

  

Yes

3.6 (1.2)

2482

0.2969

3.6 (1.1)

2482

0.3838

3.4 (1.5)

2509

<0.01

Trial intervention

         

Reactive support without NRT

3.6 (1.2)

3

0.7149

3.5 (1.2)

3

0.6796

3.2 (1.6)

3

0.9512

Reactive support with NRT

3.5 (1.1)

  

3.6 (1.1)

  

3.2 (1.6)

  

Proactive support without NRT

3.5 (1.2)

  

3.5 (1.1)

  

3.2 (1.6)

  

Proactive support with NRT

3.5 (1.2)

  

3.6 (1.1)

  

3.2 (1.6)

  
  1. FUTS = Frequency of urges to smoke; SUT=Strength of urges to smoke; HSI=Heaviness of smoking Index; s.d=standard deviation d.f=degrees of freedom – values provided are for the model and residual; IMD=Index of Multiple Deprivation
  2. With the exception of age, ethnicity and IMD score, all significance testing between participant characteristics and measures of dependence conducted using Students t-test. Significance testing for age, ethnicity and IMD score conducted using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).