From: Family management risk and protective factors for adolescent substance use in South Africa
Family management variable | Measure | Substance | Cronbach Aplha | Odds (95% CI) | Model Fit | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parental monitoring | Parental knowledge | Alcohol | 0.84 | 0.556 (0.312 to 0.991) | χ2(1) = 3.964 | 0.046 |
Adolescent recall | Illicit substance | 0.84 | 0.428 (0.238 to 0.975) | χ2(4) = 11.323 | 0.023 | |
Discipline and behavioural control | Sharing | Alcohol | 0.73 | 6.447 (1.642 to 25.313) | χ2(1) = 7.131 | 0.008 |
Control through guilt | Alcohol | 0.6 | 12.782 (1.418–115.217) | χ2(1) = 5.159 | 0.023 | |
 | Strictness | Alcohol | 0.82 | 3.646 (1.204–11.039) | χ2(1) = 5.239 | 0.022 |
 | Affection | Alcohol | 0.75 | 3.349 (1.092–10.275) | χ2(1) = 4.467 | 0.035 |
 | Emotional support | Cannabis | 0.85 | 3.7 (0.966–14.16) | χ2(1) = 3.648 | 0.05 |
 | Positive evaluation | Cannabis | 0.87 | 3.723 (1.027–13.492) | χ2(1) = 4.005 | 0.045 |
 | Negative evaluation | Illicit substances | 0.64 | 0.184 (0.028–1.192) | χ2(4) = 10.176 | 0.038 |
Rewards | Parental rewards | Alcohol | 0.72 | 4.164 (1.133–15.302) | χ2(1) = 4.616 | 0.032 |
Parental use | Parental legal substance | Illicit substance | 0.78 | 0.108 (0.012–1.000) | χ2(1) = 3.841 | 0.05 |
 | Parental illicit substance | Alcohol | 0.88 | 0.073 (0.010–0.525) | χ2(1) = 6.751 | 0.009 |