Author(s) | Country | Data period | Sample | Treatment duration | N at base-line | N at follow-up | Loss to follow-up | Follow-up interval | Study details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Andersen (2018) [73] | USA | 1999–2000 | Imprisoned women with SUD | > 6 months | 119 | 101 | 16% | 12-months post releas | The study examined the effect of social support on treatment outcomes for incarcerated women participating in a SUD treatment programs, which were compared with a lower intensity-program. The experimental program was eligible for inclusion in this review (56% of the total number of participants). |
Burling et al. (1994) [78] | USA | 1988–1989 | Homeless people with SUD | > 100 days | 110 | 79 | 29% | 3, 6, 9, and 12- months post-discharge | The study examined change in factors like housing, employment, substance use and social relations after completed residential SUD treatment for homeless veterans. |
Cuskey et al. (1979) [70] | USA | 1974–1977 | Women with SUD | > 6 months | 222 | 97 | 56% | 6- and 12- months post-discharge | The study described the status at follow-up regarding different psychosocial factors (e.g. criminal activity, employment, substance use) after participation in a residential SUD treatment program for mothers with their children. 31% of the participants had stayed in treatment for more than 3 months and was therefore eligible for inclusion in this review. |
Donovan et al. (2001) [72] | USA | 1996–1998 | Veterans with co-occurring disorders | > 12 weeks | N/A | 46 | N/A | 6- and 12-months post-discharge | The study examined change in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms and substance use after participation in SUD treatment for veterans with co-occurring disorders. |
Flora & Stalikas (2012) [71] | Greece | 2008–2009 | People with SUD | > 6 months | 157 | 50 | 68% | 3-months post-discharge | The study explored change in important factors (e.g. mental health, self-efficacy, social support) among patients who had undergone SUD treatment. |
Grella & Shi (2011) [76] | USA | 1999–2002 | People with co-occurring disorders | > 90 days | 400 | 310 | 23% | 6- and 12-months post-admission | The study examined the connection between treatment duration and different psychosocial factors (e.g. psychological distress, arrest) at follow-up in patients with co-occurring disorder undergoing SUD treatment. |
Hubbard et al. (2003) [16] | USA | 1991–1993 | People with SUD | > 3 months | N/A | 331 | N/A | 1- and 5-years post-treatment | The study evaluated the effect on substance use and psychosocial factors in four different SUD treatment modalities. Data from the Treatment Outcome Prospective Study (TOPS) and the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies (DATOS) cohorts were compared. One of the modalities was eligible for inclusion in this review (24% of the total number of participants). |
Ludwig et al. (2013) [77] | Switzerland | – | People with SUD | > 4 months | 805 | 415 | 49% | 1-year post-discharge | The study examined psychosocial predictive factors (e.g. mental health, self-efficacy) on substance use at follow-up after SUD treatment. |
McGuire et al. (2011) [74] | USA | 2002–2005 | Homeless veterans with SUD | > 90 days | 840 | 640 | 24% | 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-months post-discharge | The study examined the effect of three SUD and/or psychiatric treatment modalities on psychosocial factors (e.g. employment, housing). Two of the modalities were eligible for inclusion in this review (64% of the total number of participants). |
Porowski et al. (2004) [79] | – | 1996–2001 | Women with SUD | > 6 months | 1798 | 1181 | 34% | 6-months post-discharge | The study summarized pre-post change in psychosocial factors (e.g. mental health, employment, criminal activity, education) and substance use after participation in SUD treatment for women. Participants were recruited from 32 granted projects for woman with SUD. |
Soyez et al. (2006) [75] | Belgium | 2000–2002 | People with SUD | > 12 months | 203 | 124 | 39% | 12 to 18-months post-discharge | The study investigated the effect of social support in SUD treatment on psychosocial factors (e.g. mental health, employment, criminal activity) and substance use. In the study, one experimental group (32% of the total sample) was compared with a control group. The experimental group received a social network intervention in addition to treatment as usual, while the control group received treatment as usual. Both the experiment- and the control group were eligible for inclusion to this review. |
Sung & Chu (2011) [83] | USA | 1992–1995 | Probatio-ners and parolees with SUD | > 6 months | 1147 | 296 | 74% | 12-months post-discharge | The study examined change in employment at follow-up after four different modalities of SUD treatment for probationers and parolees. Data were extracted from the original DATOS cohort. One of the modalities was eligible for inclusion in this review (31% of the total number of participants). |
Warren et al. (2007) [80] | USA | 1999–2003 | People with co-occurring disorders | > 90 days | 400 | 351 | 12% | 6-month post-discharge | The study examined the role of psychosocial factors (e.g. social support, self-efficacy) on mental health and substance use outcomes at follow-up after SUD treatment for patients with co-occurring disorders. |
Zhang et al. (2003) [37] | USA | 1993–1995 | People with SUD | > 90 days | 1183 | 653 | 45% | 11-months post-discharge | The study investigated the relationship between treatment duration and substance use at follow-up after participation in SUD treatment. The data were collected from the TOPS cohort, which studied participants in four different treatment modalities. One of the modalities was eligible for inclusion in this review (30% of the total number of participants). |