Table 1 Description of participants (n = 23)
Participant | Gender | Age | Race | Addictive behaviors | Time in recovery | Received treatment (outpatient/ residential) | Substitutes since entering recovery |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | F | 50 | White | Alcohol, cannabis, cocaine | 4 years | No | Sex/relationships |
2 | F | 36 | Colored | Alcohol, ecstasy, Mandrax, cannabis, Crystal Methamphetamine, over-the-counter medication | 10 years | Yes | Shopping; food; work; cigarettes; coffee |
3 | F | 43 | Colored | Cannabis, Mandrax, Crystal Methamphetamine, alcohol | 16 years | Yes | Cigarettes; food |
4 | M | 38 | White | Heroin, Crystal Methamphetamine, pornography, video games | 1 year and 8 months | Yes | Do not believe they substituted |
5 | M | 55 | Colored | Alcohol, heroin | 9 years and 6 months | Yes | Cigarettes; sex/relationships, pornography; binge-watching |
6 | M | 44 | Colored | Crack cocaine, Crystal Methamphetamine, alcohol | 8 years | Yes | Cigarettes |
7 | M | 26 | White | Prescription medication (Zolpidem, Ritalin®), crack cocaine, Crystal Methamphetamine, alcohol | 3 months | Yes | Cigarettes; exercise |
8 | M | 51 | White | Sex cannabis, alcohol, cocaine | 8 years and 11 months | Yes | Food |
9 | F | 37 | Colored | Crystal methamphetamine, cannabis | 4 months | Yes | Food; shopping; cigarettes |
10 | F | 52 | White | Alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, crack together with Mandrax, sleeping pills | 9 years | Yes | Exercise; cigarettes; coffee; work |
11 | M | 39 | White | Alcohol, cannabis | 5 years and 2 months | Yes | Do not believe they substituted |
12 | M | 31 | Black | Alcohol, cocaine | 3 years and 6 months | Yes | Do not believe they substituted |
13 | F | 33 | Colored | Drugs, alcohol, sex, and love addiction, food | 7 years | Yes | Food |
14 | M | 30 | Colored | Heroin | 4 years | Yes | Exercise; pornography; food |
15 | M | 44 | White | Crystal Methamphetamine | 6 months | Yes | Cigarettes; coffee; pornography; food |
16 | F | 26 | Colored | Crystal Methamphetamine | 2 years | No | Food; gambling; cigarettes; binge watching |
17 | M | 30 | White | Heroin and crack cocaine | 3 months | Yes | Exercise |
18 | F | 51 | Colored | Cannabis, crack, cocaine, alcohol, hallucinogenics, cigarettes, ‘reckless spending’ | 14 years | No | Food |
19 | M | 22 | White | ‘Anything I can get my hands on’, cannabis, alcohol, cocaine, ecstasy | 3 years and 6 months | Yes | Stealing |
20 | M | 34 | Colored | Crystal Methamphetamine, Mandrax/cannabis | 4 years | No | Work; sex (escorts, pornography) |
21 | M | 40 | Colored | Crystal Methamphetamine, sex, masturbation, and food | 3 years | Yes | Exercise; food; vaping; pornography |
22 | M | 46 | Colored | Crack, Mandrax, alcohol | 13 years | Yes | Do not believe they substituted |
23 | F | 46 | Colored | Alcohol and drugs | 5 years | Yes | Cigarettes/ vaping; binge watching |